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Ziegler, E. CrossRef 65 Cinthya Wibisono, Yasmine Probst, Elizabeth Neale, Linda Tapsell. (2015) Determinants of Weight Gain Prevention in Young Adult and Midlife Women: Study Design and Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Krystal. Evans, R. (2016) Behavioral Treatment of the Patient with Obesity. M. South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition 28:1, 38-43. Media in This Article Poll Results Contributors Figure 1 Mean Change in Body Weight and Waist Circumference from Baseline to 2 Years According to Dietary Macronutrient Content. Effects of moderate variations in macronutrient composition on weight loss and reduction in cardiovascular disease risk in obese, insulin-resistant adults. Comparison of 4 diets of varying glycemic load on weight loss and cardiovascular risk reduction in overweight and obese young adults: a randomized controlled trial. Obesity Management for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. Wood, R. (2015) Dietary restriction in moderately obese rats improves body size and glucose handling without the renal and hepatic alterations observed with a high-protein diet. Virgil Brown. Results of the what to eat for lunch study. CrossRef 68 T. Stone. Mordes, Chao Liu, Shuhang Xu. CrossRef 31 Prapimporn Chattranukulchai Shantavasinkul, Philip Omotosho, Leonor Corsino, Dana Portenier, Alfonso Torquati. A. (2015) Determining how best to support overweight adults to adhere to lifestyle change: protocol for the SWIFT study. Development of phenolic compounds encapsulation techniques as a major challenge for food industry and for health and nutrition fields. De Sousa, Robert J. (2016) A Review of Population-Level Actions Targeting Reductions in Food Portion Sizes to Address Obesity and Related Non-communicable Diseases. (2016) Complex Relationships Between Food, Diet, and the Microbiome. Kurland, Stefan Judex. CrossRef 98 (2015) Obesity and reproduction: a committee opinion. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases 12:9, 1640-1645. Data were pooled from the diets for the two factorial comparisons: low fat versus high fat and average protein versus high protein. 1 Hour. CrossRef 175 Deirdre Tobias, Wei Bao. (2016) The Effects of Increased Protein Intake on Fullness: A Meta-Analysis and Its Limitations. Thus, the participants assigned to an average-protein or high-fat diet did not have to change their customary level of dietary protein and fat very much and could focus more on reducing dietary intake. Solid bars represent high-protein, high-fat, or highest-carbohydrate diets. J. CrossRef 41 Naji Alamuddin, Thomas A. CrossRef 120 Ulf Elbelt, Tatjana Schuetz, Nina Knoll, Silke Burkert. Mattes, Robin M. Azrin, Denise Juliano-Bult, Gail L. Ard. The role of dietary energy density in weight management. Regain after 6 to 12 months was about 20% of the regain reported in earlier trials. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Bazzano. I. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 36:9, S6-S15. Craving, fullness, and hunger and diet-satisfaction scores were similar at 6 months and at 2 years among the diets (Table 2 in the Supplementary Appendix ). (2016) Nutrition Interventions for Obesity. A low-fat vegan diet improves glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in a randomized clinical trial in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Brook Singletary, Adeena Menasha, Clarissa Cooblall, Donald Hantula, Saul Axelrod, Vincent M. Bloom. Attendance at group sessions was associated with adherence to the fat and protein goals only in the high-protein and low-fat groups ( Figure 4 ). W. CrossRef 112 Lu Qi. House, Harold M. (2015) An energy-reduced dietary pattern, including moderate protein and increased nonfat dairy intake combined with walking promotes beneficial body composition and metabolic changes in women with excess adiposity: a randomized comparative trial. 28 Several recent trials have also shown that continued contact with participants after weight loss is associated with less regain. (2015) Dietary protein-to-carbohydrate ratio and added sugar as determinants of excessive gestational weight gain: a prospective cohort study. Despite the intensive behavioral counseling in our study, participants had difficulty achieving the goals for macronutrient intake of their assigned group. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2016) Epigenetics and nutrition-related epidemics of metabolic diseases: Current perspectives and challenges. Tapsell. M. Ard, Gary Miller, Scott Kahan. Thus, we recognized the need for a large trial that would be designed to overcome the limitations of previous trials and that would compare the effects of three principal dietary macronutrients. Li, P. 5 kg of body weight and 0. Ikizler, L. 2015. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. B. Live Look at Sydney Opera House in Sydney Harbor. I bars in all panels indicate standard errors. (2014) Independent, additive effects of five dietary variables on. European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy 1, 74-75. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Wing, Terry Davidson, Leonard Epstein, Bret Goodpaster, Kevin D. CrossRef 170 Peter C. Panel D shows the change in waist circumference for participants who provided measurements at various time-points: 176 to 179 at 6 months, 154 to 166 at 12 months, 135 to 148 at 18 months, and 137 to 159 at 2 years. (2015) Effects of nutrition education on weight gain prevention: a randomized controlled trial. Skiers Hit the Slopes at Copper Mountain, Colo. (2017) Diets High in Fat or Fructose Differentially Modulate Bone Health and Lipid Metabolism. CrossRef 84 F. Endoluminal Procedures for the Treatment and Management of Bariatric Patients. (2016) Meta-analysis of variance: an illustration comparing the effects of two dietary interventions on variability in weight. Panel B shows the change in body weight for participants who provided measurements at various time points: 176 to 180 participants at 6 months, 157 to 167 at 12 months, 140 to 152 at 18 months, and 151 to 168 at 2 years. Rothman, Donna Ryan. I bars in all panels indicate standard errors. CrossRef 12 Junghwan Kim. (2016) Higher protein intake is associated with increased risk for incident end-stage renal disease among blacks with diabetes in the Southern Community Cohort Study. F. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. M. Watson. Abstract Background The possible advantage for weight loss of a diet that emphasizes protein, fat, or carbohydrates has not been established, and there are few studies that extend beyond 1 year. Open bars represent average-protein, low-fat, or lowest-carbohydrate diets. (2015) Sorghum: An Underutilized Cereal Whole Grain with the Potential to Assist in the Prevention of Chronic Disease. (2017) Tracking food intake as bites: Effects on cognitive resources, eating enjoyment, and self-control. Overall, these findings with respect to adherence to macronutrient goals suggest that participants in weight-loss programs revert to their customary macronutrient intakes over time but may nonetheless be able to maintain weight loss. CrossRef 26 Yoriko Heianza, Wenjie Ma, Tao Huang, Tiange Wang, Yan Zheng, Steven R. Menendez, Jorge Joven. The diets improved lipid-related risk factors and fasting insulin levels. KALMAN. (2015) Medications for weight loss. Soon: GMA Lunch Break With Chef Brian Ray. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 116:6, 968-983. Benefits of lifestyle modification in the pharmacologic treatment of obesity: a randomized trial. M. Williams, Rachel C. Halldorsson, A. CrossRef 14 Hans Hauner. Changes from baseline differed among the diet groups by less than 0. Minniti, G. Krauss. Journal of Clinical Lipidology 9:6, S1-S122. (2015) Management of obesity: improvement of health-care training and systems for prevention and care. We explored the association of achieved nutrient intakes with weight loss. Daily meal plans in 2-week blocks were provided (see the Supplementary Appendix ). (2014) Diet and lifestyle interventions on lipids: combination with genomics and metabolomics. (2014) Metabolic syndrome and lifestyle modification. L. (2014) Effects of Dietary Macronutrients on Plasma Lipid Levels and the Consequence for Cardiovascular Disease. (2015) Health Benefits of Long-Term Weight-Loss Maintenance. Wadden. EU Foreign Policy Chief Discusses Managing Migrants From Northern Africa. E. Colombari, A. A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet versus a low-fat diet to treat obesity and hyperlipidemia: a randomized, controlled trial. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Aukema. Of these participants, 303 were assigned to a high-protein diet and 296 to an average-protein diet, 292 were assigned to a high-fat diet and 307 to a low-fat diet, and 159 were assigned to the highest-carbohydrate diet and 155 to the lowest-carbohydrate diet. Dietary fat is not a major determinant of body fat. (ClinicalTrials. Rolls, R. Obesity Management for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. (2016) Two-year changes in circulating adiponectin, ectopic fat distribution and body composition in response to weight-loss diets: the POUNDS Lost Trial. CrossRef 168 Harry Preuss, Jeffrey Preuss. M. Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone diets for weight loss and heart disease risk reduction: a randomized trial. Figueredo, Etienne J. Duvnjak, J. The primary outcome was the change in body weight after 2 years in two-by-two factorial comparisons of low fat versus high fat and average protein versus high protein and in the comparison of highest and lowest carbohydrate content. Ludwig, C. Gene-Diet Interaction and Weight Management. CrossRef 138 Tao Huang, Jinyan Huang, Qibin Qi, Yanping Li, George A. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Alfredo Martinez, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Wim H. (2014) Diet during Pregnancy and Gestational Weight Gain. Steffen, L. (2015) National Lipid Association Recommendations for Patient-Centered Management of Dyslipidemia: Part 2. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The analysis also included a comparison of two of the four diets, the diet with the lowest carbohydrate content and the diet with the highest carbohydrate content, and included a test for trend across the four levels of carbohydrates. Williams, K. CrossRef 15 Shivakumar Chitturi, Geoffrey C. Simpson, David Raubenheimer. Participants were instructed to record their food and beverage intake in a daily food diary and in a Web-based self-monitoring tool that provided information on how closely their daily food intake met the goals for macronutrients and energy. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Rothstein. Amankwaah, Katherene Osei-Boadi Anguah, Ashley Jacobs, Blake L. Reproducibility, power and validity of visual analogue scales in assessment of appetite sensations in single test meal studies. Buniak, Louis J. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2016) Adherence to low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets in relation to weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors. (2014) The Epidemiology of Obesity: A Big Picture. They were informed that the study would be comparing diets with different fat, protein, and carbohydrate contents and that they would be assigned a diet at random. Sainsbury, I. Bethesda, MD: National Cholesterol Education Program, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 2002. (2014) Factors associated with choice of a low-fat or low-carbohydrate diet during a behavioral weight loss intervention. We used a generic approach to developing each diet and the instructions for following it, in order to minimize such influences. (2015) Weight Loss Is a Useful Therapeutic Objective. Lifestyle Issues: Diet. (2015) The Influence on Population Weight Gain and Obesity of the Macronutrient Composition and Energy Density of the Food Supply. Adherence, Diet Acceptability, Satiety, and Satisfaction Mean reported intakes at 6 months and 2 years did not reach the target levels for macronutrients ( Table 2 ). Rates of attendance at group sessions (percent of total sessions attended over the 2-year period) are shown for the quintiles of fat and protein intake. Carbohydrate restricted diets high in either monounsaturated fat or protein are equally effective in promoting fat loss and improving blood lipids. (2016) Impact of intermittent fasting on health and disease processes. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2015) Metabolomic analysis reveals distinct profiles in the plasma and urine of rats fed a high-protein diet. Kuchenbecker, Annemieke Hoek. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 45:3, 581-604. Heath, Kim C. Tan, Stephen R. Coffman, Stephanie Mayer, William S. Slavin, Svetlana Zivanovic. Results Participants Of 1638 participants who were screened, 811 (50%) were randomly assigned to a diet, and 645 (80% of those assigned) completed the study (i. The reported intakes represented differences from target levels of fat, protein, and carbohydrate intake of 8. 2016. CrossRef 17 Tomomi Yamazaki, Sumire Okawa, Mayumi Takahashi. Hanna. Crowe. Conformity to cultural norms, scientific novelty, and media attention are nonbiologic reasons for the success of specific diets. CrossRef 32 John Grizzanti, Hyoung-Gon Lee, Antoni Camins, Merce Pallas, Gemma Casadesus. 2015. K. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. CrossRef 166 Emilie Daoud, Celena Scheede-Bergdahl, Andreas Bergdahl. Comparison of a low carbohydrate and low fat diet for weight maintenance in overweight or obese adults enrolled in a clinical weight management program. Carson, J. V. 5 cm of waist circumference ( Figure 2 ). (2016) Endoscopic Devices for Obesity. (2016) The National Obesity Forum report is an opinion piece not a scientific review. (2016) The therapeutic potential of metabolic hormones in the treatment of age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer disease. Deane, Amarjit Saini, Colin Selman, Claire E. Your CA Privacy Rights Your CA Privacy Rights. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Keller. (2015) Primary endoscopic therapies for obesity and metabolic diseases. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. 2 percentage points, respectively, at 2 years. CrossRef 139 E. CrossRef 101 Harry Preuss, Debasis Bagchi, Dallas Clouatre, Anand Swaroop, Nicholas Perricone. McCarthy. Associations between adherence to the fat and protein goals and weight loss were also explored in post hoc analyses (see Methods in the Supplementary Appendix ). We caution that these post hoc analyses do not have the strong validity of the main analysis of this controlled trial, which compared randomized groups. The participants were offered group and individual instructional sessions for 2 years. However, attendance had a strong association with weight loss, and the association was similar across diet groups. CrossRef 52 J. Smith, Robert Ratner. (2016) Adherence to Mediterranean diet and 10-year incidence (2002-2012) of diabetes: correlations with inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in the ATTICA cohort study. Spiro, S. (2015) Dietary Intervention for Overweight and Obese Adults: Comparison of Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat Diets. Maslova, T. Mariotti. Levels of serum lipids, glucose, insulin, and glycated hemoglobin were measured at the clinical laboratory at the Pennington Biomedical Research Center. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Comparison of the Atkins, Zone, Ornish, and LEARN diets for change in weight and related risk factors among overweight premenopausal women: the A to Z Weight Loss Study: a randomized trial. Whelton, J. (2016) Gut Microbiota and Lifestyle Interventions in NAFLD. The amount of time spent on daily exercise by people who lost and kept off at least 30 pounds of excess weight for five years. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. A. CrossRef 157 Je Rossouw. Nickols-Richardson. CrossRef 146 Michelle Crino, Gary Sacks, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Boyd Swinburn, Bruce Neal. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Of these participants, 303 were assigned to a high-protein diet and 296 to an average-protein diet, 292 were assigned to a high-fat diet and 307 to a low-fat diet, and 159 were assigned to the highest-carbohydrate diet and 155 to the lowest-carbohydrate diet. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 35, 81-92. Panel D shows the change in waist circumference for the 599 participants who provided measurements at 2 years. Saris, Arne Astrup. Dietary and Lifestyle Strategies for Weight Loss. Jouret, R. Obesity and Diabetes. A two-year randomized weight loss trial comparing a vegan diet to a more moderate low-fat diet. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. CrossRef 158 Janet Walberg Rankin. M. 2017. Johner, K. G. Panel B shows the change in body weight for participants who provided measurements at various time points: 176 to 180 participants at 6 months, 157 to 167 at 12 months, 140 to 152 at 18 months, and 151 to 168 at 2 years. (2016) Through Thick and Thin: Identifying Barriers to Bariatric Surgery, Weight Loss Maintenance, and Tailoring Obesity Treatment for the Future. Wong, M. CrossRef 133 Yehuda Handelsman, Zachary Bloomgarden, George Grunberger, Guillermo Umpierrez, Robert Zimmerman, Timothy Bailey, Lawrence Blonde, George Bray, A. L. Ogunleye, Arya M. (2014) Pre-ordering lunch at work. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 38:6, 508-554. K. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2015) Personality, attrition and weight loss in treatment seeking women with obesity. Genotype Modifies Effects of Weight-Loss Diets on 2-Year Changes of Central Adiposity and Body Composition: The POUNDS Lost Trial. L. C. CrossRef 160 Adela Hruby, Frank B. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Frongillo. CrossRef 27 W Ma, T Huang, M Wang, Y Zheng, T Wang, Y Heianza, D Sun, S R Smith, G A Bray, F M Sacks, L Qi. After 12 months, all groups, on average, slowly regained body weight. CrossRef 53 Yasuyuki Nakamura, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Nagako Okuda, Katsuyuki Miura, Yoshikuni Kita, Naoko Miyagawa, Katsushi Yoshita, Hideaki Nakagawa, Kiyomi Sakata, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Tomonori Okamura, Akira Okayama, Sohel R. W. (2015) Biologic Responses to Weight Loss and Weight Regain: Report From an American Diabetes Association Research Symposium. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2015) Interventions to Address Medical Conditions and Health-Risk Behaviors Among Persons With Serious Mental Illness: A Comprehensive Review. We view attendance at counseling sessions as a proxy for commitment to achieving weight loss and for engagement in the program. (2014) Differences in weight loss and health outcomes among African Americans and whites in multicentre trials. Krumhar. Hu. The participants were eager to lose weight and to attempt whatever type of diet they were assigned, and they did well in screening interviews and questionnaires that evaluated their motivation. Bray, MD: Progress in Obesity—Multidisciplinary Research, Multidimensional Man. V. Thus, two diets were low-fat and two were high-fat, and two were average-protein and two were high-protein, constituting a two-by-two factorial design. Intensive lifestyle changes for reversal of coronary heart disease. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 1, 201-213. Kramer. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Rana, Loki Natarajan. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Reynolds, T. Thus, changes in biomarkers confirmed that differences among the groups in macronutrient intake were consistent with those recorded in the dietary reports and that participants modified their intake of macronutrients in the direction of the goals, although the targets were not fully achieved. CrossRef 86 Qibin Qi, Yan Zheng, Tao Huang, Jennifer Rood, George A. Bays, W. Tucker. Of these participants, 325 were assigned to a high-protein diet and 320 to an average-protein diet, 319 were assigned to a high-fat diet and 326 to a low-fat diet, and 169 were assigned to the highest-carbohydrate diet and 168 to the lowest-carbohydrate diet. Effect of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum total to HDL cholesterol and on serum lipids and apolipoproteins: a meta-analysis of 60 controlled trials. 2016. Dinani, Richard I. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. T. Panel B shows the change in body weight for the 645 participants who provided measurements at 2 years. Sacks is also vice-chair of the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association, which advises the Association on nutrition topics, including those related to overweight and obesity. A. Phipps. CrossRef 38 Satya Sharma, Hea Chung, Hyeon Kim, Seong Hong. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Blot, T. Hollman. Roos, Nigel K. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Scott Lapinski, Mariana Lazo, John H. Pace, Sheila E. Solid bars represent high-protein, high-fat, or highest-carbohydrate diets. Arden. Perri. CrossRef 16 Michelle Crino, Gary Sacks, Jason H. Randomized trial of protein vs carbohydrate in ad libitum fat reduced diet for the treatment of obesity. Ebeling, Kerrie M. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. J. Effect of normal-fat diets, either medium or high in protein, on body weight in overweight subjects: a randomised 1-year trial. The ranges of protein and fat intakes overlapped substantially in the diet groups. Seeley, Tamara Darsow, Erika Gebel Berg, Steven R. Sharma. (2015) Treatment of Obesity in 2015. (2016) Potential anti-obesity effects of a long-acting cocaine hydrolase. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Citing Articles 1 Danny Weathers, Jennifer Christie Siemens, Steven W. ) 36 Mensink RP, Zock PL, Kester AD, Katan MB. Calvar, F. Stefanadis,. The population was diverse with respect to age, income, and geography and included a large percentage of men. Intake was determined from three 24-hour diet recalls. (2014) Causes of metabolic syndrome and obesity-related co-morbidities Part 1: A composite unifying theory review of human-specific co-adaptations to brain energy consumption. (2016) Food preferences and weight change during low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets. Weight loss with a low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or low-fat diet. Ziegler, E. Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease. 2015. CrossRef 60 Roger A. H. (2016) Randomized clinical trial of portion-controlled prepackaged foods to promote weight loss. Roberts. (2015) Obesity: Lifestyle management, bariatric surgery, drugs, and the therapeutic exploitation of gut hormones. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The mean differences among the groups in fat, carbohydrate, or protein intake at 6 months were nevertheless often greater than those in several previous trials comparing diets for weight loss. CrossRef 6 Tracey Ledoux, Tabbetha Lopez, Craig Johnston, Elizabeth Vaughan, John P. Staff and participants were taught that each diet adhered to principles of a healthful diet 29 and that each had been recommended for long-term weight loss, thereby establishing equipoise. (2015) ASGE position statement on endoscopic bariatric therapies in clinical practice. ) in the treatment of overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. 2015. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. (NIH publication no. (2014) Personalized weight loss strategies—the role of macronutrient distribution. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The principal finding is that the diets were equally successful in promoting clinically meaningful weight loss and the maintenance of weight loss over the course of 2 years. CrossRef 50 T Wang, T Huang, Y Zheng, J Rood, G A Bray, F M Sacks, L Qi.
Yao, K. CrossRef 147 R. (2016) NIH working group report-using genomic information to guide weight management: From universal to precision treatment. (2015) Strategies for the prevention of knee osteoarthritis. Kabagambe. (2016) A randomized pilot study of dietary treatments for polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents. Comparison of strategies for sustaining weight loss: the Weight Loss Maintenance randomized controlled trial. King, A. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes were also analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle, with zero change from baseline imputed for missing data. CrossRef 181 Yan Zheng, Lu Qi. CrossRef 109 Vivek Kumbhari, Andreas Oberbach, Ashish Nimgaonkar. Niu, S. M. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2016) Metabolic Syndrome: An Evolving Clinical Construct. CrossRef 163 O. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Behavioral counseling was integrated into the group and individual sessions to promote adherence to the assigned diets. 67-kg weight loss as an effect of the level of protein or fat in the diet over the 2-year period, assuming a withdrawal rate of 40%. (2015) Longevity and skeletal muscle mass: the role of IGF signalling, the sirtuins, dietary restriction and protein intake. 1 in the Supplementary Appendix ). Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2014) Lifestyle Interventions for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction: A Systematic Review of the Effects of Diet Composition, Food Provision, and Treatment Modality on Weight Loss. (2016) Using a wider lens to shift the discourse on food in Canadian curriculum policies. Caligiuri, Shyamchand Mayengbam, Naser H. Ho, L. I. 11,12,19,21,26 Substantially diminished adherence after the first few months is typical in weight-loss trials 5,6,8,10-12,19,21,24,26 and occurred between 6 months and 2 years in our trial. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Alternatives for macronutrient intake and chronic disease: a comparison of the OmniHeart diets with popular diets and with dietary recommendations. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. CrossRef 8 Goreti Botelho, Sara Canas, Jorge Lameiras. Lifestyle Intervention for Resumption of Ovulation in Anovulatory Women with Obesity and Infertility. Siri-Tarino. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Nalliah, Prashanthan Sanders. Participation in exercise was monitored by questionnaire 30 and by the online self-monitoring tool. The study was approved by the human subjects committee at each institution and by a data and safety monitoring board appointed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Au-Yeung, A. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Reported energy intakes and physical activity were similar among the diet groups. Obesity research -- limitations of methods, measurements, and medications. Diabetes and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 5 kg at 6 months, which corresponds to a reduction in daily energy intake of approximately 225 kcal. Thompson. A low-carbohydrate as compared with a low-fat diet in severe obesity. CrossRef 142 H P F Peters, W P Koppenol, E A H Schuring, S L Abrahamse, D J Mela. CrossRef 178 (2014) Chapter 1 Assessment and Risk Management of Menopausal Women. A short questionnaire for the measurement of habitual physical activity in epidemiological studies. 4, and 10. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The project staff of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute also participated in the development of the protocol, monitoring of progress, interpretation of results, and critical review of the manuscript. CrossRef 29 Sunita M. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. CrossRef 161 E E J G Aller, T M Larsen, H Claus, A K Lindroos, A Kafatos, A Pfeiffer, J A Martinez, T Handjieva-Darlenska, M Kunesova, S Stender, W H M Saris, A Astrup, M A van Baak. 2017. Olsen. Strategies for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes. Josse, A. Farrell. Seimon, N. These changes in risk factors in the intention-to-treat population were about 30 to 40% smaller than the changes seen among participants who provided data at 2 years, reflecting the effect of the imputation of missing values (Table 1 in the Supplementary Appendix ). CrossRef 172 B. 12 In addition, trials of low-carbohydrate diets have reported a very low incidence of urinary ketosis after 6 months, 6,8,12 suggesting that in most overweight people, it is futile to sustain a low intake of carbohydrates. Cavanaugh, W. (2015) Effect of a 4-week weight maintenance diet on circulating hormone levels: implications for clinical weight loss trials. CrossRef 56 Deepinder Goyal, Rabindra R. 2016. The Molecular Nutrition of Amino Acids and Proteins, 13-25. Lipworth, E. Panel B shows the change in body weight for the 645 participants who provided measurements at 2 years. CrossRef 149 B. Hills, N. CrossRef 128 Harry Preuss, Dallas Clouatre. CrossRef 180 Lu Qi. (2016) Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment and Atrial Fibrillation: A Need for Definitive Evidence. Conclusions Reduced-calorie diets result in clinically meaningful weight loss regardless of which macronutrients they emphasize. Yancy. 1,2,26 Investigators and staff who measured outcomes were unaware of the diet assignment of the participants. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 45:3, 565-580. Cohen, Samuel Dagogo-Jack, Jaime Davidson, Daniel Einhorn, Om Ganda, Alan Garber, W. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. CrossRef 42 A. CrossRef 91 Deirdre K Tobias, Mu Chen, JoAnn E Manson, David S Ludwig, Walter Willett, Frank B Hu. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. (2016) Predictors of weight regain in patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. In contrast, the participants in the high-protein or low-fat groups had more challenging dietary goals. CrossRef 13 Nicola Guess. CrossRef 121 Lee Hooper, Nicole Martin, Asmaa Abdelhamid, George Davey Smith, Lee Hooper. Gordon, D. weight-loss industry, including diet books, diet drugs and weight-loss surgeries. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. CrossRef 90 Tao Huang, Frank B Hu. CrossRef 159 Jennifer Arussi. Diet and lifestyle recommendations revision 2006: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee. CrossRef 119 Sigal Sofer, Abraham Eliraz, Zecharia Madar, Oren Froy. Meta-analysis: the effect of dietary counseling for weight loss. gov number, NCT00072995. CrossRef 99 Jonathan Sackner-Bernstein, David Kanter, Sanjay Kaul, Allan Siegel. Turner, William S. CrossRef 64 David Houghton, Christopher Stewart, Christopher Day, Michael Trenell. Nickols-Richardson. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. A total of 403 participants were assigned to a high-protein diet and 408 to an average-protein diet, 405 were assigned to a high-fat diet and 406 to a low-fat diet, and 204 were assigned to the highest-carbohydrate diet and 201 to the lowest-carbohydrate diet. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. But there are plenty of other compelling numbers coming out of the growing weight-loss industry. Panel D shows the change in waist circumference for the 599 participants who provided measurements at 2 years. CrossRef 9 A. (2016) Salba-chia (Salvia hispanica L. CrossRef 127 Ingrid Elizabeth Lofgren. (2015) Gene-environment interactions and obesity: recent developments and future directions. The diets improved lipid risk factors and fasting insulin levels in the directions that would be expected on the basis of macronutrient content. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Fasting blood samples, 24-hour urine samples, and measurement of resting metabolic rate were obtained on 1 day, and blood-pressure measurement on 2 days, at baseline, 6 months, and 2 years. Potential of Diet and Dietary Supplementation to Ameliorate the Chronic Clinical Perturbations of Metabolic Syndrome. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. A total of 403 participants were assigned to a high-protein diet and 408 to an average-protein diet, 405 were assigned to a high-fat diet and 406 to a low-fat diet, and 204 were assigned to the highest-carbohydrate diet and 201 to the lowest-carbohydrate diet. A randomized controlled trial of a moderate-fat, low-energy diet compared with a low fat, low-energy diet for weight loss in overweight adults. Y. 2, and 14. CrossRef 108 Preeshila Behary, Jaimini Cegla, Tricia M. CrossRef 171 Jim Mann, Rachael McLean, Murray Skeaff, Lisa Te Morenga. 7, 1. (2016) Genetic variation of fasting glucose and changes in glycemia in response to 2-year weight-loss diet intervention: the POUNDS LOST trial. A randomized trial comparing a very low carbohydrate diet and a calorie-restricted low fat diet on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy women. Norman. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. We performed an intention-to-treat analysis in which long-term weight loss for persons who withdrew from the study early (after at least 6 months of participation) was imputed on the basis of a rate of 0. Pryor. Participants Our goal was to recruit 800 overweight and obese subjects (400 at each site), of whom about 40% would be men. Panel D shows the change in waist circumference for participants who provided measurements at various time-points: 176 to 179 at 6 months, 154 to 166 at 12 months, 135 to 148 at 18 months, and 137 to 159 at 2 years. Satiety, hunger, satisfaction with the diet, and attendance at group sessions were similar for all diets. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Thus, a low-fat intake of 25% was associated with increased weight loss in the low-fat groups but not in the high-fat groups, and a high-protein intake of 24 to 25% was associated with increased weight loss in the high-protein groups but not in the average-protein groups. 85 Percent. Wingard, Sara Wilcox, Edward A. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The percentage of customers consuming weight-loss products and services who are female. (2014) Personalized nutrition and obesity. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Jones, Penny Kris-Etherton, Geeta Sikand, Ralph La Forge, Stephen R. Dr. A self-regulation program for maintenance of weight loss. (2016) Paradoxical Effects of Fruit on Obesity. CrossRef 152 Catherine J Metzgar, Sharon M Nickols-Richardson. Telem, Darragh Herlihy, Kathryn Cottell, Aurora D. CrossRef 30 Xirong Zheng, Jing Deng, Ting Zhang, Jianzhuang Yao, Fang Zheng, Chang-Guo Zhan. (2016) Dietary protein from different food sources, incident metabolic syndrome and changes in its components: An 11-year longitudinal study in healthy community-dwelling adults. Participants had to be 30 to 70 years of age and have a body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) of 25 to 40. , provided a body-weight measurement at 2 years) (Fig. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Longo, Michelle Harvie. The study was powered to detect a 1. The study had a large sample, a high rate of retention, and the sensitivity to detect small changes in weight. e19. (2016) Exposing the exposures responsible for type 2 diabetes and obesity. (2015) Long-term adherence to the New Nordic Diet and the effects on body weight, anthropometry and blood pressure: a 12-month follow-up study. (2014) Weight loss maintenance in overweight subjects on ad libitum diets with high or low protein content and glycemic index: the DIOGENES trial 12-month results. Appetite. Feldman, C. Maryland Governor Larry Hogan Delivers State of the State Address. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Bertin, B. A randomized trial of a low-carbohydrate diet for obesity. CrossRef 167 Anne-Thea McGill. Gooding, H. CrossRef 97 Shelby Sullivan, Nitin Kumar, Steven A. (2016) Physical Activity and Dietary Determinants of Weight Loss Success in the US General Population. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 43:1, 145-158. C. (2016) Impact of food supplementation on weight loss in randomised-controlled dietary intervention trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Major criteria for exclusion were the presence of diabetes or unstable cardiovascular disease, the use of medications that affect body weight, and insufficient motivation as assessed by interview and questionnaire. e1-1242. 2015. It is therefore not surprising that attendance at group sessions was strongly related to adherence to high-protein or low-fat goals but not to the goals in the average-protein or high-fat groups. The goal for physical activity was 90 minutes of moderate exercise per week. e1. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Figure 2 Mean Changes in Body Weight and Waist Circumference at Various Time Points. (2015) Technology-Assisted Weight Loss Interventions in Primary Care: A Systematic Review. The Molecular Nutrition of Amino Acids and Proteins, 221-232. Johnson, Linda C. Levine, Stella Savarimuthu, Allison Squires, Joseph Nicholson, Melanie Jay. 2017. L. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. e. The American Journal of Medicine 127, 1242. Statistical Analysis The primary outcome of the study was the change in body weight over a period of 2 years, and the secondary outcome was the change in waist circumference. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Wu. 12,24,37,38 These findings together point to behavioral factors rather than macronutrient metabolism as the main influences on weight loss. CrossRef 126 O. 2015. Astrup, S. Genotype Modifies Effect of a Weight-Loss Diet on 2-Year Changes of Insulin Resistance: The POUNDS LOST Trial. Brown. Effect of an energy-restricted, high-protein, low-fat diet relative to a conventional low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet on weight loss, body composition, nutritional status, and markers of cardiovascular health in obese women. Kopp. ) Full Text of Discussion. (2015) Mindful Eating. Most of the weight loss occurred in the first 6 months. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Devassy, Stephanie P. Laitner, Michael G. Carbohydrate-rich foods with a low glycemic index were recommended in each diet. Jonnalagadda, Michael Larsen, Christopher C. CrossRef 72 Patrick Wilson. P values for a trend in weight loss across quintiles are as follows: P ). (2015) Current efforts and trends in the treatment of NASH. Foreyt. S. 0, 4. 02-5215. B. Ibrahim, Peter Zahradka, Carla G. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Effects of total fat intake on body weight. e10. Genomics, Proteomics and Metabolomics in Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, 41-52. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. 3 cm per month of regained waist circumference after withdrawal (see Methods in the Supplementary Appendix ). Open bars represent average-protein, low-fat, or lowest-carbohydrate diets. e18. Siri-Tarino, Sally Chiu, Nathalie Bergeron, Ronald M. CrossRef 140 Sanne Kellebjerg Poulsen, Charlotte Crone, Arne Astrup, Thomas Meinert Larsen. Byrne. (2016) NAFLD and liver transplantation: Current burden and expected challenges. (2015) The diet-heart hypothesis, obesity and diabetes. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2014) Unravelling of the health effects of polyphenols is a complex puzzle complicated by metabolism. 2015. NALLIAH, PRASHANTHAN SANDERS, JONATHAN M. Nutrition in Weight Management and Obesity. Long-term weight maintenance and cardiovascular risk factors are not different following weight loss on carbohydrate-restricted diets high in either monounsaturated fat or protein in obese hyperinsulinemic men and women. Random assignments to one of four diet groups were generated by the data manager at the coordinating center on request of a study dietitian, after eligibility of a participant was confirmed. Bertin, B. Sidney Barritt, Yvon Calmus, Olivier Scatton, Thomas Runge, Pascal Lebray, Thierry Poynard, Vlad Ratziu, Filomena Conti. CrossRef 141 Caroline K. Ito, Harold E. Wingo, T. Ebbeling. CrossRef 136 Vlad Ratziu, Zachary Goodman, Arun Sanyal. Reavis. (2016) Effects of diet composition on weight loss, metabolic factors and biomarkers in a 1-year weight loss intervention in obese women examined by baseline insulin resistance status. CrossRef 59 Deborah L. Popular diets and over-the-counter dietary aids and their effectiveness in managing obesity. Only two trials have reported dietary intake beyond 1 year, 12,26 and one of them provided foods to the participants. CrossRef 33 P. (2015) Reducing weight in an internal medicine outpatient clinic using a lifestyle medicine approach: A proof of concept. Study participants who attended two thirds of the sessions over the course of 2 years lost about 9 kg of weight. S. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. No diet was considered to be a control diet, and the dietary counseling and the attention that we provided were the same for all diet groups throughout the study period. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Aronne. Calvar, F. 2014. (2014) Low carbohydrate diets: going against the grain. Vassy, Tanya Agurs-Collins,. (2015) NIH working group report: Innovative research to improve maintenance of weight loss. A. The diets consisted of similar foods and met guidelines for cardiovascular health. A. The participants who completed the study had a mean weight loss of 6. Other goals for all groups were that the diets should include 8% or less of saturated fat, at least 20 g of dietary fiber per day, and 150 mg or less of cholesterol per 1000 kcal. The crucial question is whether overweight people have a better response in the long term to diets that emphasize a specific macronutrient composition. CrossRef 102 Lukas Schwingshackl, Georg Hoffmann, Tamara Kalle-Uhlmann, Maria Arregui, Brian Buijsse, Heiner Boeing, Elizabeth W Triche. Measurements Body weight and waist circumference were measured in the morning before breakfast on 2 days at baseline, 6 months, and 2 years, and on a single day at 12 and 18 months. Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders 15, 317-327. CrossRef 124 Chunlong Mu, Yuxiang Yang, Zhen Luo, Weiyun Zhu. (2015) Predictors of a successful medical weight loss program. 4 percentage points, respectively, at 6 months and 6. Jouret, R. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 68:23, 2505-2507. CrossRef 95 Daniela Lucini, Giovanna Cesana, Chiara Vigo, Mara Malacarne, Massimo Pagani. CrossRef 36 Xianwen Shang, David Scott, Allison Hodge, Dallas R. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 38:6, 555-610. Stanner. Blood pressure was measured with the use of an automated device (HEM-907XL, Omron). (2016) The effects on weight loss and gene expression in adipose and hepatic tissues of very-low carbohydrate and low-fat isoenergetic diets in diet-induced obese mice. Discussion In this population-based trial, participants were assigned to and taught about diets that emphasized different contents of carbohydrates, fat, and protein and were given reinforcement for 2 years through group and individual sessions. R. (2015) Saturated Fats Versus Polyunsaturated Fats Versus Carbohydrates for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. CrossRef 165 Megan A. 2015. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2015) Effect of low-fat diet interventions versus other diet interventions on long-term weight change in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Stanton. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases 11, 431-435. The effects of low-carbohydrate versus conventional weight loss diets in severely obese adults: one-year follow-up of a randomized trial. Comparison of energy-restricted very low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets on weight loss and body composition in overweight men and women. (2015) Concentrating carbohydrates before sleep improves feeding regulation and metabolic and inflammatory parameters in mice. The ratio of urinary microalbumin to creatinine was more than 30 in five participants in the average-protein group and in five participants in the high-protein group at 6 months and in seven participants, all in the average-protein groups, at 2 years. Driver, Neil J. (2016) Effects of a Low-carbohydrate, High-fat Diet. Zurbau, H. (2015) Comparative effectiveness of plant-based diets for weight loss: A randomized controlled trial of five different diets. The number of people on diets in the United States. (2016) Moderate Alcohol Consumption and Chronic Disease: The Case for a Long-Term Trial. He, L. Gallagher, H. Nutritional and Integrative Strategies in Cardiovascular Medicine, 147-178. Sievenpiper, R. Dietary intake in the lower Mississippi delta region: results from the Foods of Our Delta Study. P. Protein Intake Throughout Life and Current Dietary Recommendations. (2016) Functionality of Sugars in Foods and Health. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. CrossRef 162 Mitsuyoshi Takahara, Iichiro Shimomura. Hu, L. Of these participants, 325 were assigned to a high-protein diet and 320 to an average-protein diet, 319 were assigned to a high-fat diet and 326 to a low-fat diet, and 169 were assigned to the highest-carbohydrate diet and 168 to the lowest-carbohydrate diet. 2015. Franks, M. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2015) Effective Diet and Exercise Interventions to Improve Body Composition in Obese Individuals. Marchesini. CrossRef 113 Lee Hooper, Asmaa Abdelhamid, Diane Bunn, Tracey Brown, Carolyn D Summerbell, C Murray Skeaff, Lee Hooper. Stewart. 3 kg per month of regained weight 34 and a rate of 0. 108 Million. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in Human Health and Disease Prevention, 327-340. CrossRef 63 Lorayne Robertson, Joli Scheidler-Benns. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. CrossRef 125 William H Dietz, Louise A Baur, Kevin Hall, Rebecca M Puhl, Elsie M Taveras, Ricardo Uauy, Peter Kopelman. Blinding was maintained by the use of similar foods for each diet. A high-protein intake was associated with weight loss only in the high-protein groups, and a low-fat intake was associated with weight loss only in the low-fat groups. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. (2015) The effect of a low-energy food foam on appetite measures during a 1-day reduced-energy meal plan. The annual revenue of the U. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Dieters typically make four to five attempts per year. British Lawmakers Hold Vote on Bill Authorizing Exit Talks From EU. Long-term effects of 2 energy-restricted diets differing in glycemic load on dietary adherence, body composition, and metabolism in CALERIE: a 1-y randomized controlled trial. 2016. CrossRef 77 Donevan Westerveld, Dennis Yang. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Malhotra, K. (2016) Metabolic syndrome, diet and exercise. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Fund Created for Attorneys Volunteering for Those Detained Amid Travel Order. Effects of Different Dietary Fibers on Sugar-Induced Blood Pressure Elevations in Hypertensive Rats: Focus on Viscosity. (2016) Surgical Weight Loss and Atrial Fibrillation. (2015) Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Changes in Anthropometric Variables in Adult Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Fuss, Edward Saltzman, Susan B. Sanders. Sacks is a member of the Lifestyle Working Group of the Expert Panel that interacts with the Obesity Committee. (2015) Self-Directed Weight Loss Strategies: Energy Expenditure Due to Physical Activity Is Not Increased to Achieve Intended Weight Loss. Yancy. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2016) Endoscopic Bariatric Therapies. Daumit. M. (2016) The Role of Macronutrient Content in the Diet for Weight Management. Protein and fat intakes overlapped among the groups.
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